constant-current switching

1) переключение; коммутация || переключательный; переключающий

2) магн. перемагничивание

•

- bank switching

1) течение; поток

2) скорость потока или течения

3) (электрический) ток

4) вчт. текущая запись

1) (электрический) ток || токовый

2) поток; течение || текущий; протекающий

3) скорость потока; скорость течения

4) течение; ход событий || текущий; относящийся к рассматриваемому моменту времени; современный

5) вчт рабочий (напр. о файле); текущий (напр. о записи)

6) общая тенденция; курс || общепринятый; общераспространённый

•

- absorption current

1) (электрический) ток || токовый

2) поток; течение || текущий; протекающий

3) скорость потока; скорость течения

4) течение; ход событий || текущий; относящийся к рассматриваемому моменту времени; современный

5) вчт. рабочий (напр. о файле); текущий (напр. о записи)

6) общая тенденция; курс || общепринятый; общераспространённый

•

- absorption current

1) система; комплекс

2) метод; способ

3) канал

4) вычислительная система

•

- access control system

1) снабжение; поставка || снабжать; поставлять

2) подача; подвод; питание || подавать; подводить; питать

3) электропитание; электроснабжение || подводить электропитание

4) источник (электро)питания; блок( электро)питания

5) мн. ч. запас(ы); продовольствие

1) характеристика

а) графическое, табличное или аналитическое представление функциональных зависимостей, описывающих работу компонента, прибора, устройства или системы

б) порядок числа с плавающей запятой

в) целая часть логарифма

г) показатель; признак (статистических объектов из выбранной совокупности)

2) закон; зависимость

3) характерный; типичный

4) характеристический

•

- absolute spectral sensitivity characteristic

1) характеристика

а) графическое, табличное или аналитическое представление функциональных зависимостей, описывающих работу компонента, прибора, устройства или системы

б) порядок числа с плавающей запятой

в) целая часть логарифма

г) показатель; признак (статистических объектов из выбранной совокупности)

2) закон; зависимость

3) характерный; типичный

4) характеристический

•

- absolute spectral sensitivity characteristic

1) свойство, признак

2) характеристика; мн. ч. технические данные; параметры

3) кривая

1) диод

2) переход транзистора

•

- abrupt-junction diode

- barrier-injection and transit-time diode

- base-emitter diode

- double velocity transit time diode

- DOVETT diode

- flexible transparent organic light-emitting diode

- formed diode

- heterojunction light-emitting diode

- high-burnout diode

- injection laser diode

- injection luminescent diode

- light-emitting diode

- lighthouse diode

- low-barrier hot-carrier diode

- low-power diode

- noise diode

- noise-generator diode

- organic light-emitting diode

- oscillator diode

- stacked organic light-emitting diode

- steering diode

- step-recovery diode

- storage diode

- transparent organic light-emitting diode

- TRAPATT diode

- trapped plasma avalanche transit-time diode

- trigger diode

- variable-capacitance diode

- variable-reactance diode

1) диод

2) переход транзистора

•

- abrupt-junction diode

SUBJECT AREA: Horology, Telecommunications

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Alexander Bain was born into a crofting family in a remote part of Scotland. He was apprenticed to a watchmaker in Wick and during that time he was strongly influenced by a lecture on "Heat, sound and electricity" that he heard in nearby Thurso. This lecture induced him to take up a position in Clerkenwell in London, working as a journeyman clockmaker, where he was able to further his knowledge of electricity by attending lectures at the Adelaide Gallery and the Polytechnic Institution. His thoughts naturally turned to the application of electricity to clockmaking, and despite a bitter dispute with Charles Wheatstone over priority he was granted the first British patent for an electric clock. This patent, taken out on 11 January 1841, described a mechanism for an electric clock, in which an oscillating component of the clock operated a mechanical switch that initiated an electromagnetic pulse to maintain the regular, periodic motion. This principle was used in his master clock, produced in 1845. On 12 December of the same year, he patented a means of using electricity to control the operation of steam railway engines via a steam-valve. His earliest patent was particularly far-sighted and anticipated most of the developments in electrical horology that occurred during the nineteenth century. He proposed the use of electricity not only to drive clocks but also to distribute time over a distance by correcting the hands of mechanical clocks, synchronizing pendulums and using slave dials (here he was anticipated by Steinheil). However, he was less successful in putting these ideas into practice, and his electric clocks proved to be unreliable. Early electric clocks had two weaknesses: the battery; and the switching mechanism that fed the current to the electromagnets. Bain's earth battery, patented in 1843, overcame the first defect by providing a reasonably constant current to drive his clocks, but unlike Hipp he failed to produce a reliable switch.

The application of Bain's numerous patents for electric telegraphy was more successful, and he derived most of his income from these. They included a patent of 12 December 1843 for a form of fax machine, a chemical telegraph that could be used for the transmission of text and of images (facsimile). At the receiver, signals were passed through a moving band of paper impregnated with a solution of ammonium nitrate and potassium ferrocyanide. For text, Morse code signals were used, and because the system could respond to signals faster than those generated by hand, perforated paper tape was used to transmit the messages; in a trial between Paris and Lille, 282 words were transmitted in less than one minute. In 1865 the Abbé Caselli, a French engineer, introduced a commercial fax service between Paris and Lyons, based on Bain's device. Bain also used the idea of perforated tape to operate musical wind instruments automatically. Bain squandered a great deal of money on litigation, initially with Wheatstone and then with Morse in the USA. Although his inventions were acknowledged, Bain appears to have received no honours, but when towards the end of his life he fell upon hard times, influential persons in 1873 secured for him a Civil List Pension of £80 per annum and the Royal Society gave him £150.

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See also: Bakewell, Frederick C.

DV / KF

- device capability

- abrading device

- absolute position measuring device

- accident preventing device

- accounting device

- actuation device

- add-on device

- adjusting device

- adjustment device

- air-cleaning device

- alignment device

- ancillary sighting device

- antiskid device

- antisquat device

- antivibration device

- arc-control device

- arresting device

- ash sluicing device

- assemblage device

- assembly-and-disassembly device

- attenuation measuring device

- automated material-part handling device

- automatic jaw shift device

- automatic safety device

- automatic sizing device

- automatic workhandling device

- auxiliary device

- backlash elimination device

- backup device

- balancing device

- batching device

- belt-on control device

- belt-shifting device

- belt-type leveling device

- belt-type levelling device

- bending device

- bistable device

- black-out device

- blocking device

- bottom unloading device

- broach-handling device

- brush-shifting device

- burr-removing device

- calling device

- camming device

- canted device